Value in Wayang Sukuraga as material for fiction texts in elementary school
DOI:
Keywords:
elementary school, fiction text, local wisdom, wayang sukuragaAbstract
Wayang Sukuraga is a traditional Sundanese art that visualizes human body parts as symbolic figures laden with moral values. This study aims to describe the values contained in Wayang Sukuraga characters, such as Eyes, Ears, Mouth, Hands, and Feet, and their relevance as fictional text material in elementary schools. The method used is qualitative description with data collection techniques including interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that each Wayang Sukuraga character contains a strong moral message, including Eyes, which symbolize caution in judging, Ears, which depict the ability to filter information, mouth, which represents ethics in speaking, Hands, which reflect real work and actions, and Feet, which teach the right direction in life. These values are educational, humanistic, and relevant for strengthening the character of elementary school students. In addition, Wayang Sukuraga has high potential as a source of inspiration in learning fictional texts, because the symbolism of its characters can be developed into imaginative stories rich in moral messages. Thus, Wayang Sukuraga is an effective cultural medium for instilling character values through literacy learning in elementary schools.
References
Agisfi, M., & Rabbil, A. (2023). Traditional arts and cultural sustainability in West Java. Journal of Cultural Studies, 15(2), 120–135.
Apriani, D., & Suryani, L. (2021). Penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 5(2), 345–352.
Balai Pelestarian Nilai Budaya Jawa Barat. (2022). Laporan pelestarian nilai budaya Jawa Barat. BPNB Jawa Barat.
Berger, R. (2015). Now I see it, now I don't: Researcher's position and reflexivity in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 15(2), 219–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794112468475 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794112468475
Biesta, G. (2020). Risking ourselves in education: Qualification, socialization, and subjectification revisited. Educational Theory, 70(1), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/edth.12411 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/edth.12411
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Brewer, W. F. (1980). Literary theory, rhetoric, and stylistics: Implications for psychology. Poetics, 9(1–3), 121–147.
Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2018). Doing interviews (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529716665
Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014). The use of triangulation in qualitative research. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(5), 545–547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1188/14.ONF.545-547
CASEL. (2020). What is social and emotional learning? Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning. https://casel.org
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2018). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Dewi, R., & Handayani, T. (2022). Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis budaya lokal di sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 6(1), 78–86.
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Finlay, L. (2012). Debating phenomenological research methods. Phenomenology & Practice, 6(1), 6–25.
Fitria, Y., & Sari, N. (2021). Pengaruh media pembelajaran interaktif terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 5(3), 489–497. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i6.986
Flick, U. (2018). An introduction to qualitative research (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Frick, M., & Kerkhoff, A. (2021). Fostering moral agency through reflective practices in education. Journal of Moral Education, 50(3), 345–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2020.1781068 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2020.1781068
García, A., & O'Donnell, B. (2020). Developing visual literacy in elementary education: Implications for teaching and learning. Journal of Literacy Research, 52(4), 476–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086296X20966381
Gay, G. (2010). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). Teachers College Press.
Gee, J. P. (2015). Social linguistics and literacies: Ideology in discourses (5th ed.). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315722511
Graesser, A. C., Singer, M., & Trabasso, T. (1997). Constructing inferences during narrative text comprehension. Psychological Review, 101(3), 371–395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.101.3.371
Greenhow, C., & Lewin, C. (2016). Social media and education: Reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Learning, Media and Technology, 41(1), 6–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2015.1064954
Hakemulder, J. (2000). The Moral Laboratory: Experiments Examining the Effects of Reading Literature on Social Perception and Moral Self-Concept. John Benjamins Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/upal.34
Herlina. (2012). Pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis cerita terhadap pembentukan karakter siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 13(2), 145–156.
Hidayat, T., & Suandana, I. (2019). Nilai filosofis dalam Wayang Sukuraga sebagai media pendidikan karakter. Jurnal Pendidikan Seni, 8(1), 45–56.
Hidayati, N., & Rahmawati, D. (2022). Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis melalui pembelajaran kontekstual. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 6(2), 210–218.
Hopkins, E. J., & Weisberg, D. S. (2022). The role of narrative engagement in children's learning from stories. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 218, 105365.
Iskandar, M., & Putra, R. (2023). Integrasi literasi dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 7(1), 55–63.
Janks, H. (2018). Literacy and power. Routledge.
Kallio, H., Pietilä, A. M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: Developing a framework for a qualitative semi‐structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
Kawulich, B. B. (2005). Participant observation as a data collection method. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(2).
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2021). Asesmen nasional: Literasi membaca. Kemendikbud.
Kidd, D. C., & Castano, E. (2013). Reading literary fiction improves theory of mind. Science, 342(6156), 377–380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239918
Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. Routledge.
Kurniawan, A., & Lestari, P. (2021). Penggunaan media cerita untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca siswa. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 5(1), 120–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33578/pjr.v5i1.8265
Ladson-Billings, G. (2014). Culturally relevant pedagogy 2.0: a.k.a. the remix. Harvard Educational Review, 84(1), 74–84. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.84.1.p2rj131485484751 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.84.1.p2rj131485484751
Lickona, T. (2019). Educating for Character: How Our Schools Can Teach Respect and Responsibility. Bantam Books.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(85)90062-8
Lestari, D. (2022). Pemanfaatan media budaya lokal dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 11(2), 145–156.
Lyesmaya, D., & Nurmeta, I. K. (2022). Wayang Sukuraga sebagai media pendidikan karakter pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 10(1), 25–34.
Maulana, I., & Siregar, N. (2022). Pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis proyek terhadap kreativitas siswa. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 6(3), 400–408.
Mar, R. A. (2018). Stories and the promotion of social cognition. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(4), 257–262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417749654
Mar, R. A., & Oatley, K. (2008). The function of fiction is the abstraction and simulation of social experience. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(3), 173–192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00073.x
Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2019). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Moll, L. C., Amanti, C., Neff, D., & Gonzalez, N. (1992). Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms. Theory Into Practice, 31(2), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849209543534 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849209543534
New London Group. (1996). A pedagogy of multiliteracies: Designing social futures. Harvard Educational Review, 66(1), 60–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.66.1.17370n67v22j160u
Nguyen, T., & Guo, Y. (2021). Verbal self-regulation and prosocial behavior in primary school students. Early Childhood Education Journal, 49(5), 789–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-020-01093-3
Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847
Nugroho, B., & Pratiwi, D. (2023). Pengembangan literasi informasi siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 7(2), 150–158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.70115/semesta.v2i3.175
Nurgiyantoro, B. (2018). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Nuraeni. (2022). Integrasi profil pelajar Pancasila dalam pembelajaran berbasis budaya lokal di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Nusantara, 8(1), 45–56.
OECD. (2019). OECD future of education and skills 2030: OECD learning compass 2030. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5890a40c-en
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 42(5), 533–544. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Piaget, J. (1970). Science of education and the psychology of the child. Orion Press.
Putra, Y., & Amelia, R. (2021). Pembelajaran berbasis budaya dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 5(4), 600–608. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33578/pjr.v1i1.8079
Putri, A. D., & Nugraha, D. (2022). Integrasi budaya lokal dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan karakter siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 8(1), 67–75.
Rahayu, S. (2020). Penggunaan media wayang dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 9(3), 201–210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33578/jpfkip.v9i5.8029
Rahayu, S. (2020). Penggunaan media wayang dalam meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 4(3), 567–575.
Rahman, A., & Fitria, Y. (2020). Pengaruh pembelajaran kontekstual terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 4(2), 234–241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33751/jppguseda.v2i2.1446
Rahmawati, Y., & Larsen, K. (2020). Culturally responsive teaching in primary education: Enhancing empathy through local culture integration. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 451–466. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13231a DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13231a
Ramirez-Avila, M., & Barreiro, C. (2020). Improving narrative comprehension through summarizing strategies in elementary education. Journal of Language and Education, 6(2), 85–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/ftl.v6i2.11707
Robinson, O. C. (2014). Sampling in interview-based qualitative research. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 11(1), 25–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2013.801543
Rumelhart, D. E. (1975). Notes on a schema for stories. In D. G. Bobrow & A. Collins (Eds.), Representation and Understanding: Studies in Cognitive Science (pp. 211–236). Academic Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-108550-6.50013-6
Saldaña, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Sari, M. P. (2021). Pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal untuk meningkatkan literasi budaya siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 6(3), 210–218.
Septiani, R., Hidayat, T., & Supriyadi. (2023). Integrasi budaya lokal dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Indonesia, 8(1), 55–66.
Setiawan, A., & Iasha, V. (2024). Penguatan pendidikan karakter melalui pembelajaran berbasis budaya lokal di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 12(1), 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47134/pgsd.v1i3.518
Silverman, D. (2016). Qualitative research (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Siregar, H., & Wahyuni, S. (2022). Implementasi pembelajaran tematik berbasis kearifan lokal. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 6(4), 520–528.
Spradley, J. P. (2016). Participant observation. Waveland Press.
Suardi, A. (2019). Wayang Sukuraga sebagai media refleksi moral masyarakat. Jurnal Seni dan Budaya, 11(2), 98–107.
Tracy, S. J. (2020). Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning life in our times. Jossey-Bass.
UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining our futures together: A new social contract for education. UNESCO Publishing.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
Wahyudin, D., & Sari, R. (2020). Penguatan pendidikan karakter melalui pembelajaran berbasis cerita di sekolah dasar. Jurnal PGSD, 9(2), 120–130.
Weninger, C. (2019). Problematising the notion of "authentic school learning": Insights from action-based character education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 51(10), 1027–1038. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2018.1427575 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2018.1427575
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Yuliana, R., Siregar, N., & Dewi, L. (2021). Pembelajaran berbasis budaya untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran), 5(1), 112–120.
Yulianawati, I., Pratiwi, D., & Lestari, S. (2022). The impact of storytelling on elementary students' reading engagement. Journal of Elementary Education, 11(3), 215–224.
Yunus, M., Rahman, A., & Fitriani, N. (2022). Culture-based learning to strengthen students' character in primary education. International Journal of Elementary Education, 6(2), 123–132.
Zins, J. E., & Elias, M. J. (2007). Social and emotional learning: Promoting the development of all students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 17(2–3), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/10474410701413152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10474410701413152
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yoesrina Novia Vini Syafitri, Mamat Supriatna, Hazrul Affendi Mohmad Razali, Suciati Nur Apriyati (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Licence
Copyright @2017. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.